Thesis

What is Thesis about? 

In degree thesis module is very important to studies. Firstly, for this module have to know that what is thesis about, what research about, what is methodology, and what is action research about.After research and understand all of this meaning about. Lecturer decide and prepare 3 group member to discussion in one week workshop after that our presentation in front of lecturer.

Thesis is a long of writing on a particular subject and a statement that person wants to discuss or prove. Another thing also is very important in thesis is do not copy right other journals or others people work, that is it can “Plagiarism”. After done in thesis, make sure to “Turnitin” check the percentage it is have copy right from other work or not. Normally “Turnitin” have to get “0%” high report.   

What is Research?

Research can be defined as a method of study that, through careful investigation of all evidence bearing on a definable problem, arrives at a solution. 

1.      A systematic & organized scientific process to find answers to the questions.

2.      Getting specific answers to specific questions

3.      Involves date collection, analysis & interpretation. 

Everywhere, our knowledge is incomplete and problems are waiting to be solved

The result of research must be presented in a clear and concise way to that anyone can follow the process, without having to repeat any of the steps, in order to how you, the researcher, have arrived at your conclusions.

Four part definition of research:

1.      Systematic Search for :

-          A research must develop and use a clear method and a logical system. Research is not easy, it requires time, energy, thought, and effort.

2.      Adequate information to reach :

-          Research does not look for someone’s ideas about matters touching on the problem; make sure asked the question is accurate answer.

-          The information presented must be form authoritative sources, speak to the problem, and be duly documented.

3.      Objective Knowledge :

-          In order reach objective knowledge, you must have prior knowledge of the topic. To this prior knowledge you will add facts, not suppositions or possibilities.

-          Research looks at facts, not conjectures, nor even possibilities.

4.      Specific topic :

-          It is impossible to do adequate research on a large topic.

-          A specific, clearly delineated problem is the only one that can be solved. 

What is the Methodology?

-          Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem.

-          It may be understood as a science of studying how is done scientifically.

-          We study the various steps that are generally adopted by a researcher in studying his research problem along with the logic behind them.  

6 Step methodology:

-          Step 1 : Program planning

-          Step 2 : Survey development

-          Step 3 : Survey deployment

-          Step 4 : Data Analysis

-          Step 5 : Reporting

-          Step 6 : Consultation & review

What is the different between method & methodology?

Method:

-          The method by which you conduct research into a subject or a topic.

-          Involve conduct of experiment, test, survey and the like.

-          Aim of finding solution to research problems.

Methodology:

-          Explains the methods by which you may proceed with your re.

-          Involves the learning of the various techniques that can be used in the conduct of research and in the conduct of test, experiments, survey and critical studies search 

What is Action Research?

Which is also known as Participatory Action Research, community-based study, co-operative enquiry, action science and action learning is an approach commonly used for improving conditions and practices in range healthcare environments. 

Five Phases type of Action Research

1. Selecting an area or focus

Identifying an area of interest

Focus on students

Look at both immediate and cumulative effects

2. Collecting data

Collect existing archival data

Use additional multiple data sources

Collect data regularly

Promote collective ownership of data

Monitor data collection

3. Organizing data

Count instances, events, and artifacts

Display data in tables and charts

Arrange data by classroom, grade level, and school

Organize for analysis

4. Analyzing and interpreting data

Analyze and question the data as a professional collective

Decide what can be celebrated and what needs attention

Determine priority area(s) for action

4.5 Studying the professional literature

Identify professional literature that relates to or matches the interest

Gather research reports, research syntheses, articles, videotapes, etc.

Analyze and interpret these materials for understanding and action

Determine the most promising actions

5. Taking action

Combine data analysis with that from professional literature

Select best options for action

Craft short- and long-term action plans

Implement some actions immediately

Assess implementation of selected actions

The Gantt chart (Schedule)

This is what i doing the planning schedule.  (October to December)Only for this semester, next semester should be continue to planning

Based on three module (Graphic Design 3 (part 1), Illustration 3 (part 1) and thesis) is combined together to create and choose one social issue to running an awareness campaign and illustration module. So, student needs to list down or mind mapping what's the issue have. After research i have write down and doing mind mapping after that choose one which issue is more interesting can to do it.  

I have to research and study more information and from other respondents evidence to have in a research it might help other subject module when I running an awareness campaign and illustration module. 

Mind mapping (Research)

 Issue 

1. Rubbish Food

2. Kidnap

3. Suicide

4. Rape

5. Plastic surgery

6. SMS, Semiotic

Latest Issue : 

1. Plastic surgery

2. SMS, Semiotic (Final Choose)

This is what i  research SMS, semiotic about. Research about the person who is created about semiotic. And also research "What is semiotic about?" and so on. 

Actually this topic "SMS (Short message Services) is previous task, this semester I suggest to be continue the topic, but for this i doing on "SMS,SEMIOTIC", Sms is coming to an end because nowadays have a smartphone is making way for messaging services that use data networks through apps such as WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Wechat, Line, and will get a free network data to chatting.  So  i suggest develop the new emoticons mean use keypad semiotic and number to develop new emoticons to expression.   

Component 1 (Task 1) 

Students are required to research into an issue worth studying relevant to their field of study. To applying what student learned in this unit? It is imperative for students to demonstrate objectivity in writing the research outline. 

In thesis is do not copy right other journals or others people work, that is it can “Plagiarism”. After done in thesis, make sure to “Turnitin” check the percentage it is have copy right from other work or not. Normally “Turnitin” have to get “0%” high report.  Should be a need to consult certain sources and also to be properly cited and referenced. 

The research outline has to consists of the following items: 

1.Introduction - 
2. Statements of the problem 
3. Review of the literature 
4. Aim(s) and Objective of research
5. Research Question and/or Hypotheses 
6. Methodology
7. References

Introduction

SMS is a message delivered to or from a mobile phone. Communication is a process; we assign and convey meaning in order to pass on certain messages to others. It is believed, we use different signs and symbols in a structured form and method of communicate. And Semiotic function of the emotions and people will use them to express their emotions.  For Human language, in different way, it has surpassed all other of communication in different facets.

Other ways do not use language to communicate like road signals / signs, sign language, Braille scripts, Visual pictures, body language, facial expressions, eye contact, Use of different images. Each of these patterns forms a sign to representing and meaning. Semiotics is the study of sign structures and sign processes. Languages and other symbolic systems like music and images also called sign systems because they are governed by learnable and transmittable rules and conventions shared by a community.

Statement of the problem

We are entering into a period where the era short messaging (SMS) is coming to an end. As networks are planning to close their SMS facilities, the medium is making way for messaging services that use data networks through apps such as WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Wechat, Line, and so on. Because the apps are free and work over 2G or 3G data connections as well as wifi, they are proving to be very popular with multiple generations. Here in Malaysia data packages are quite cheap, so most smartphone users have access.

So what does this mean for the development of the ‘texting language’? Will the shorthand language developed through SMS continue to be developed or will a new app friendly language develop, to take over? This thesis will investigate the development of technology languages, and will identify possible development scenarios.

Review of the literature

Consumers choose for text based communications are growing rapidly, a number of low cost and even the free alternatives to SMS are experience increased rate of use. OTT (Over-the-top) have two different alternatives have emerged called it OS-specific communication systems such as imessage and BlackBerry messenger and third-party applications such as Whatsapp, kakao talk, which are often cross-platform. In generally speaking, both sets of applications promise a richer user experience at a price materially lower than traditional SMS messaging.  

Technology readiness: In general, a base level technology should be in place for dramatic over the top uptake to take place. Countries with 3G Or some better networks and high levels of smartphone penetration is the most likely to have a wide distribution of over top apps applications.

A cost incentive to adopt OTT: Compares to SMS, over the top alternatives are often very low cost or free. Consumers have the opportunity to arbitrage data and SMS costs. SMS technology, the high cost of stimulates behavior in some market the switch to inexpensive OTT technology. James Chavin, Aadil Ginwala, Max Spear (2012)

In 2012, the latest findings from research point out that almost 19 billon messages were sent per day on chat apps, Compared to 17.6 billion SMS and in 2014, the number is expected to touch 50 billion for apps and just over billion for SMS. Another point put hat social messaging apps are used more frequently, with average of 32.6 messages daily for average user, compared with just five sms texts. Social messaging apps are free for users.

In 2013, social messaging apps cost operators $32 billion in lost SMS revenues. This is expected to reach $80 billion by 2020. Predicts mobile data services will grow in popularity, contributing 43 per cent of non-voice revenue in 2014, with SMS contributing down to 40 per cent.

Dharia states that period 2013 to 2015 will be crucial in terms of the relationship between telecoms and over the top players in the communication space and in this area some of partnership relations between both may exacerbate global and India in 2013. In this area, Reliance Communications partnership with Facebook and Whatsapp cooperation of its GSM users for only Rs to give unlimited access. 

Moreover, Facebook always tied up with the operators and recently partnership with global operators will allow for free or discounted data access to the social networks messaging platform.

Even the chat apps are used more frequently, in terms of user bases, SMS still dominates, with 3.5 billion people using it the end of 2012, compared to 586.3 million over-the-top messaging users. This is what the comparing. Clark-dickson said that chat apps are most often used on smartphones in the developed countries, while there are fewer smartphone and a greater use of SMS in developing countries, data plan and also have Wi-Fi are not as ubiquitous. (Sohini Bagchi , Dharia, Clark-Dickson (2013) 

In general, Short Messaging Service (SMS) will be dead in next 3-5 years, he believes. SMS is getting prominent threat from messaging services which works via data network like WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Nimbuzz and others. Traditional SMS text messaging appears to be losing steam in the People’s Republic of China. Meanwhile, using mobile messaging apps such wechat has steadily increased in china. For this year, more than 22 billion mobile instant messages were sent, up 37.6 percent from last year. There average user sent 2.1 mobile instant message in this period, up 11.2 percent from last year. WeChat has over 400 million users and remains wildly popular in China. The service is currently free, though a recent survey indicated that 90 percent of its users would abandon the service to start the charging fees. China has entered a new information age that calls for a reconsideration of some key presuppositions about the relationship between Chinese media, communication, society, and culture.  (Rudradeep Biswas 2013, Josh Horwitz 2013, Kevin Latham (2007). 

smartphone messaging services example like iMessage, BlackBerry Messenger, WhatsApp, Viber Media, Facebook Messenger and KakaoTalk have to managed in just a few years to slash away at the important revenue that cell phone companies get from text messaging. The messaging services do it by offering applications that let phone users chat for free on the carriers' data networks or Wi-Fi. (Alan Clendenning 2012)

Smartphone malware will become more common as smartphones grow more popular. Now researchers in Germany say feature phones can be shut down and knocked off the network via SMS attacks (Tanny 2011). Short hand still referred to a system of rapid handwriting using symbols to represent words, phrases, and letters. Think of dictation, only secretaries knew how to write in abbreviated or symbolic form.

Besides that, they are witnessing a clear for services that enhance and to enrich the messaging user experience. To investigate in detail 1,250 smartphone users about their messaging requirement from UK and US, Respondents were asked about the attractive force a new operator-based service that SMS/MMS/IM/Group chat and file or video sharing, all of those mobile users reach all users across all devices and networks. Got over half 52 per cent stated they would use such a this service. For younger age of 18 to 34 years, where Over-the-top service apps are most prevalent in 60 percent of smartphone owners stated they very interested in such a service from the mobile operator. (Guest author 2012). 

I support what he said the whole business has been around, for most of us, less than 20 years, which is an eye-blink when it comes to language change. It could be that some of these new techniques are giving us different preferences, making us perhaps speak in a more succinct way. However, so far as to say that is for thinking processes have been altered by the Internet, but it could be that in the long terms something like that does happen. But all language has a playful dimension. In daily everyday can play all the time. Everybody plays with language, can it makes jokes and so on. some of that you can’t see that kind of language play very often, except occasionally when authors write clever things and so on, because the written language was never designed for that sort of thing. Therefore, this is a good way in which people are prepared to create new words. This is always one of the most interesting forms of playful language. We invent a new word because it doesn't exist, and hope that everybody else will use it. (David Crystal 2013)

Aim (s) and Objective (s) of research

Aim(s): - Develop parameters of a pictorial language

Objective: -

1.      Research and documenting common keypad base emoticons.

2.      Research on popular local phrase that has potential to be designed as new emoticons for local usage from interviews conducted.  

3.      To design selected local phrase into new emoticons using Ai.

Research Questions and or hypotheses

1.      Emoticons can replace the written in the future？

Methodology

Emoticons are graphical and animated icons, such as :), that can convey intended tone in a chat message. You can insert the emoticons or create into text chat messages that you type to send to your chat partners and also can edit existing emoticons or create the new ones and store them in emoticon palettes which are groups of emoticons.

Use keypad is for display the emoticons, because emoticons is everywhere such as SMS/Instagram/twitter/Whatsapp, facebook it also can provide with a normal English keypad. Select them from the emoticon menu or type the keyboard shortcuts directly into your message.

Popular emoticons use combinations of keys on the alphabetic and numeric keypad to generate symbols that represent words, phrases and emotions. It is very easy to create and fun to use. Just put a smiley faces, frowns, winks and more in your IM communications, with a few simple steps.

Once, if you have any desired keypad selected, you can choose it as your default keypad for input also can choose what keypad to use whenever you/re writing by pressing. Whichever keypad, you can decide to stick with depends on your style of writing and general preference. Many of the featured keyboards have free versions. This is what experiment their use of keypad to create emoticons. All of the potential emoticons will be selected and documented.

After that, I need to prepare doing interview with teenager age 13 to 19 and adult age 19 to 49. Ask about how their experiment use of keypad to create emoticons.

In the other hand, I will prefer to use Ai to design selected emoticons. Firstly, I will sketch out on paper, and then take picture or scanner upload to your laptop. After that, import what your sketch into Ai (illustrator) software, you can follow the picture or scanner draw out the outline and then you can decide put color and also can correction or redesign in Ai. After done you can save to PDF or Ai save to desktop or create new folder. If your design has typo or font, when you open file on another laptop, I mention you copy one file to create outline to your typo, if haven’t to create outline is cant to open your file.  

References

Rudradeep Biswas (2013) ‘SMS Dying: TRAI, Telcos or Messaging Apps – Whom to be blamed for?’ Available at: http://telecomtalk.info/sms-dying-trai-telcos-or-messaging-apps-whom-to-be-blamed-for/106435/ (Accessed: May 29, 2013)

David Crystal (2013), ‘Internet Linguistics.’ Available at:
 http://sparkcbc.tumblr.com/post/52398439754/internet-linguistics-q-a-with-david-crystal
http://www.cbc.ca/spark/full-interviews/2013/05/28/internet-linguistics/
(Accessed: May 28, 2013)

Telecomasia.net. (2011). ‘beware-sms-death.’ Available at: http://www.telecomasia.net/blog/content/beware-sms-death (Accessed: January 11, 2011)

Josh Horwitz. (2013). ‘Mobile chat apps eat into SMS in China: Person-to-person text messaging is down 11% in a year.’ Available at: http://thenextweb.com/asia/2013/04/19/peer-to-peer-sms-text-messaging-in-china-declines-11-percent-from-last-year/ (Accessed: 19 Apr '2013)

Alan Clendenning. (2012). 'Joyn' Messaging Service.  Available at:
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/03/01/joyn-messaging-service_n_1312932.html (Accessed: 03/ 1/12)

Kevin Latham. (2007). ‘Sms, Communication, And Citizenship in China's Information Society’, pages 295-314. Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14672710701339493#.UmJx0canre4

Guest author. (2012). ‘SMS and beyond: The 20 year evolution to IP Messaging services’. Available at: http://www.telecoms.com/52241/sms-and-beyond-the-20-year-evolution-to-ip-messaging-services/ (Accessed: November 7, 2012)

Sohini Bagchi. (2013). ‘Is it impending curtains for traditional SMS?’ Available at: http://www.cxotoday.com/story/is-it-impending-curtains-for-traditional-sms/ (Accessed: May 02, 2013)

Pamela Clark-Dickson. (2012). ‘Press release: SMS will remain more popular than mobile messaging apps over next five years’ Available at: http://blogs.informatandm.com/4971/press-release-sms-will-remain-more-popular-than-mobile-messaging-apps-over-next-five-years/ (Accessed: May 29, 2012)

James Chavin, Aadil Ginwala and Max Spear. (2012). ‘the future of mobile messaging: Over-the-top competitors threaten SMS’ Available at: www.mckinsey.com/~/media/.../Future_mobile_messaging_OTT.ashx

Irene Tham. (2012). ‘SMS traffic falling in Singapore’ Available at: http://www.ytlcommunity.com/commnews/shownews.asp?newsid=60189&category=featured

Component 2 (Task 2)

After completing component 1 of the assignment, student required to conduct actual research. Component 2 have to submit 6000 words. 

The thesis has to consist of the following chapters: 

1.Introduction -  SMS,SEMIOCTIC about.

2. Review of the literature - Research from other journals about my topic

3. Methodology - What i want to do. (Step by step)
                                  
4. Result and Discussion - Prepare Questionnaire to respondents to do a survey and discuss the final result report.  

5. Conclusion - After go through all the study, experimental the new emoticons. Telling respondents  rthe new emoticons it can be to express two feeling to other feeling and understanding and make it unique or interesting. In survey is good way to studiesand will get result from respondents. 

6. References -  To be properly cited and referenced and should using Harvard format system.  

7. Appendix - This is what i done the Survey Questionnaire.